El románico aragonés nació unido a la conquista de los territorios ocupados por los musulmanes. Y tuvo su origen en tierras de la frontera bélica. Después de cada avance era vital, para asegurarlos, repoblar los territorios conquistados, y al abrigo de esa repoblación surgieron los primeros edificios, unas construcciones muy sencillas que fundían en sus formas lo religioso y lo militar. Estaba naciendo un arte que defendía la filosofía de la sencillez, el valor de lo pequeño. Avanzaba el siglo X hacia el XI y casi al mismo tiempo comenzaba a introducirse por la frontera pirenaica un arte más ambicioso que llegaba a España por Somport, en Huesca, para alcanzar su cumbre arquitectónica en Jaca. Se había cambiado radicalmente la concepción constructiva. Además de elevar ahora edificios con tendencias monumentales en ciertas expresiones, en escultura se comenzaron a producir ejemplos de un trabajo preciso y en muchos casos preciosista. Y Huesca era el punto cero de una correa de transmisión que avanzaba, sin retorno posible, por todo el territorio hispano a través del Camino de Santiago. Una correa que embellecería el austero primer románico rural y traía consigo la explosión expresiva de los canecillos y la majestuosidad de las portadas. Su influencia fue tan grande que muchos templos se consideraron herederos de aquel arte que pasó a denominarse jaqués. Un par de siglos más tarde -años finales del XII y principios del XIII-, los cistercienses defendieron de nuevo la sobriedad de las construcciones, ahora monumentales, y su casi desnuda sencillez. El territorio aragonés se fue poblando entonces por edificios acogidos al ideal estilístico mínimo del Cister. Aragón representa, pues, un compendio de las tres fases artísticas románicas, que alcanzan una representación especial en la provincia de Huesca.
La presente enciclopedia explica mediante más de 384 testimonios románicos el patrimonio y el arte románico de la provincia de Huesca. El catálogo se introduce por tres estudios previos: La construcción del reino de Aragón y la consolidación del mundo románico de Domingo J. Buesa Conde, Sobre la primera arquitectura románica en Ribagorza y el inicial reino de Aragón de Roberto Benedicto Salas y De Roma a los Pirineos. Génesis, evolución y lectura del crismón de Juan Antonio Olañeta Molina. Los contenidos de este libro abarcan los siglos XI al XIII y se organizan por zonas geográficas de la provincia oscense.
SUMARIO
Presentaciones
Estudios (históricos)
Domingo J. Buesa Conde
Roberto Benedicto Salas
Juan Antonio Olañeta Molina
Catálogo, estudios por localidades
Apéndice documental
Bibliografía
Índices
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