Introducción
1. El tiempo
1.1. Los años de juventud (1248-1260)
1.2. El interregno de las preocupaciones políticas (1260-1270)
1.3. La última década (1270-1284)
2. El espacio
2.1. Las ciudades
2.2. Las repoblaciones
2.3. Ordenanzas. Ordenanzas de Toledo, Sevilla y Córdoba
3. Las formas
3.1. La construcción de la ciudad
3.2. Las ciudades alfonsíes. Ciudad Real.
El Puerto de Santa María. Murcia
3.3. Epílogo
Notas
Bibliografía sumaria
Las últimas décadas del siglo xx protagonizaron un encendido interés por los estudios del espacio y las ciudades de la España medieval. Desde la publicación coordinada por José Ángel García de Cortázar dedicada a la organización del espacio en la Castilla medieval, los cursos celebrados en Aguilar de Campoo sobre el urbanismo en los estados cristianos peninsulares publicados posteriormente en Codex Aquilarensis, los sucesivos “Encuentros Internacionales del Medievo” celebrados en Nájera, organizados por el Instituto de Estudios Riojanos y editados por Beatriz Arízaga y Jesús Solórzano o las Jornadas Interregionales de Hondarribia coordinadas por Martínez Sopena y Urteaga, estuvieron acompañados por las acuciosas investigaciones de Manuel González Jiménez sobre la repoblación de Andalucía que culminaron con la edición de los dos volúmenes del congreso conmemorativo de la fundación de Ciudad Real dedicado al urbanismo castellano del siglo XIII. Finalmente, la publicación del definitivo Itinerario de Alfonso X ha supuesto una significativa aportación al conocimiento del desarrollo urbano de Castilla en aquel siglo. Sin embargo, no existía aún la síntesis que compendiara todas estas aportaciones referidas al reinado de Alfonso X el Sabio, cuya munificencia contribuyó a tantos campos de la actividad humana, reflejándose en espléndidas realizaciones artísticas y culturales.
Nuestro propósito no ha sido otro que intentar esta apretada síntesis.
Al hablar del urbanismo durante el reinado de Alfonso X el Sabio pretendemos no sólo estudiar el urbanismo de la segunda mitad del siglo XIII en el reino de Castilla bajo el gobierno de aquel monarca sino también demostrar que existió un urbanismo con características propias como para ser denominado alfonsí. Es decir, que, aun cuando el rey no fuera un urbanista a la moderna usanza ni haya dejado ningún tratado de urbanística, existen suficientes testimonios en los que se constata una voluntad real acerca del buen funcionamiento y ornato de las ciudades. Dicha preocupación se hace patente tanto en las disposiciones en razón de la mejor ordenación de la ciudad como en la fundación de nuevas poblaciones con sus respectivos ordenamientos que quedan plasmados en la forma de nuevas ciudades. Si existió una prosa alfonsí, una miniatura alfonsí y una
arquitectura alfonsí, podremos hablar obviamente, también, de un urbanismo alfonsí.
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